AFHE Technology

AFHE is powered by ZFHE (ZionFHE), a revolutionary fully homomorphic encryption algorithm that is 1000x faster than existing FHE implementations. This breakthrough, the result of over 12 years of cryptographic research, finally makes practical encrypted computation possible. We have demonstrated what no other project has achieved: encrypted LLM inference running at 50 tokens per second on consumer hardware.

Performance Benchmarks

Laboratory comparisons demonstrate AFHE's revolutionary performance:

Task	Competitor	Time	AFHE Comparoson	Speedup
CNN Model Inference	Microsoft CKKS	812.60s	0.06s	13,500x
CNN Model Inference	Zama TFHE	5,072.00s	0.06s	84,500x
VCG Model Inference	Zama TFHE	18,000.00s	41.00s	439x
Logistic Regression	Zama TFHE	828.00s	0.07s	11,800x
LLM Inference (Llama 3.2-1B)	-	-	50 token/s	∞

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Request Flow Architecture

LUT-Based Acceleration

Traditional FHE schemes rely on polynomial arithmetic that creates massive computational overhead. AFHE replaces this with Lookup Table (LUT) operations that dramatically reduce complexity.

How it works:

• Pre-computed tables store encrypted function outputs

• Operations become table lookups instead of polynomial multiplications

• Bootstrapping (the most expensive FHE operation) is accelerated 100x

Performance gains:

• Boolean operations: 100x faster than TFHE

• Arithmetic operations: 50-100x improvement

• Neural network inference: Real-time capability achieved

MQ-Hardness Security

AFHE's security is founded on Multivariate Quadratic (MQ) problems—proven NP-hard and resistant to both classical and quantum attacks.

Why MQ-hardness matters:

• Proven complexity: MQ is in the NP-hard class, meaning no efficient algorithm exists

• Quantum resistance: Unlike RSA or elliptic curves, MQ problems resist Shor's algorithm

• Conservative security: 40+ years of cryptanalysis with no practical attacks

Security parameters:

• 128-bit classical security

• 128-bit quantum security

• Formally verified implementations

The Coprocessor Model

AFHE operates as a blockchain coprocessor, handling encrypted computation off-chain while maintaining on-chain verification.

Architecture:

1. Encryption: Users encrypt data locally with their keys

2. Submission: Encrypted data submitted to AFHE network

3. Computation: Coprocessors perform FHE operations

4. Verification: Results verified on-chain via ZK proofs

5. Decryption: Only users can decrypt results

Benefits:

• Blockchain-agnostic (works with any L1/L2)

• No trusted execution environments required

• Decentralized coprocessor network

• Economic security through staking

Comparison with Alternatives

Feature	AFHE	Zama TFHE	Microsoft SEAL
Speed	1,000x baseline	1x baseline	0.5x baseline
Quantum Safe	Yes	Partial	No
Bootstrapping	Fast LUT	Slow Polynomial	Slow
Production Ready	Yes	Limited	Research

AFHE isn't just faster—it's the first FHE system practical for real-world deployment.